Physical activity is one of the best ways to increase self-esteem. A recent review of the subject, conducted by researchers at the University of Alberta, shows that people of different age groups, genders, ethnic backgrounds and economic status have all developed greater self-esteem as a result of physical activity. Likewise, a wide variety of activities have led to improvements in self-esteem.

In children, simple activities (those that can be learned easily such as jumping jacks and other aerobic activities) seem to have a much more positive impact on self-esteem than complex activities. In teenage girls, cooperative fitness programs are often more favourable to self-esteem than competitive ones.

A few studies paint a darker picture, however. They suggest that some forms of physical activity can promote body dissatisfaction. Women, especially young, white, middle-class women, can develop a distorted image of their bodies. They overestimate their weight and size and exercise vigorously to achieve an underweight figure. Body dissatisfaction eventually leads to lower self-esteem.

Self-esteem — the view we have of our own worth — is of paramount importance to our well-being. A positive self-image helps us to be better adjusted and less defensive, to exhibit greater social effectiveness and to accept others as they are. The key to self-esteem is developing self-acceptance and feelings of competence. Physical activity has a great deal of potential for developing both:

To develop self-acceptance,

• learn to accept your body build and athletic talent;
• focus on mastering a physical task or skill instead of comparing yourself with others.

To develop feelings of competence,

• set a simple, achievable goal for a physical activity of your choice-walking or cycling more than you usually do or learning the basics of tennis, for example;
• determine how you will find the time to accomplish your goal: Will it be in the evening? Right after work? When the kids are at school?
• have a second plan in case something happens: if the weather doesn't cooperate, if another commitment comes up, etc.;
• enjoy the feelings of accomplishment and competence you get as you pursue and achieve your goals.

Activity is a great way to realize your energy, creativity and potential. If previous experiences have left you with a sour taste about physical activity, now is the time to reconsider the importance of living in a healthy, energized body. Moreover, now is the time to consider the importance of living in a healthy, energized mind.